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Bosnia and Herzegovina
WHO code: BIH
ISO2: BA
ISO3: BIH
Country code: +387
Country groups:
  • WHO_EURO
  • SEEHN
  • EURO_SURVEIL
  • WESTERN_BALKANS
General notes

Statistical Data for Bosnia and Herzegovina

Situated in Southeastern Europe, Bosnia and Herzegovina has borders with Montenegro to the southeast, Serbia to the east, and Croatia to the north and west. Its terrain is varied, with wide-reach valleys and plains along the main rivers, including the Sava and Drina, and hilly parts in the center and south. The mild continental climate, characterized by hot summers and freezing winters, paired with consistent precipitation year-round, forms part of what is referenced in the Bosnia and Herzegovina code for geographic classification and climatic study. 

The three main ethnic groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina are Bosniaks, Croats, and Serbs. The country is home to about 3.5 million people shaping a great Bosnia and Herzegovina health profile. With a median age of about 42, the population of the nation is rather young. Sarajevo, the capital city, is the biggest urban hub, and the majority of the population lives in cities. The country has historically struggled with political instability and ethnic tensions despite having sufficient Bosnia and Herzegovina mortality rates.

Land of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina is a country with breathtaking scenery and a rich cultural legacy. The country is a haven for outdoor lovers because of its varied landscapes, which include mountains, rivers, and woods. Multiple historical landmarks that highlight the country’s complex past and multicultural influences may be found in the area, including Roman remains, mosques from the Ottoman Empire, and medieval castles.

The country’s authentic conjunction of Eastern and Western cultures is among its most intriguing features. The cuisine of the nation, which combines Turkish and traditional Balkan foods, reflects this. This tie-up of cultures is also evident in the local arts and crafts, which have elaborate patterns and motifs influenced by both Middle Eastern and European customs.

Bosnia and Herzegovina is a popular destination for ecotourism in addition to its cultural and historical value. Many national parks and natural reserves throughout the nation offer chances for outdoor pursuits including hiking and bird watching. Bosnia and Herzegovina is a country that is ripe for adventure and discovery because of its mesmerizing landscapes and dynamic culture.

Climate of Bosnia and Herzegovina

The climate of Bosnia and Herzegovina is continental, with scorching summers and frigid winters. The climate here is influenced by its location in the Balkans. Winters can be extremely cold, with lows of about -3°C, while summers are usually mild, with average highs of about 27°C. The country's rugged topography also affects the climate, causing regional differences in precipitation and temperature. These climatic and geographical factors may contribute to the Bosnia and Herzegovina disease burden, as variations in temperature and altitude can influence the prevalence of certain health conditions, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.

There are four distinct seasons in the country, with spring and fall being the mildest. Throughout the year, there is an equal amount of rainfall, with the spring and fall seeing the most. During the winter, snowfall is frequent, particularly at higher elevations. In general, the climate of Bosnia and Herzegovina is marked by its unpredictability, with notable regional variations. Interestingly, Bosnia health indicators have shown that climate variability can influence certain health patterns across regions. The nature of Bosnia and Herzegovina is flowered by its climate variability, which also makes it a special place for tourists looking for a variety of weather conditions.

Languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina

The nation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is known for its diverse range of cultures and languages. Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian are the three official languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina. These languages are referred to as BCS since they are all mutually intelligible. At the regional level, minority languages including Hungarian, Romani, and Albanian are also acknowledged.

The diverse population and historical background of Bosnia and Herzegovina are reflected in its linguistic environment. Both Latin and Cyrillic scripts are used to write the Bosnian language, which is derived from the Serbo-Croatian dialect. However, there are some small grammatical changes and different alphabets between Croatian and Serbian. Therefore, Bosnia literacy statistics indicate significant efforts to enhance education across linguistic communities. Notwithstanding these differences, the three languages are vital to the cultural identity of this country and have a shared linguistic past.

To sum up, the social, political, and cultural landscape of Bosnia and Herzegovina is greatly influenced by its languages. The country’s multicultural legacy is reflected in the coexistence of several languages, underscoring the value of linguistic diversity in promoting harmony and understanding among its citizens.

Demographic trends

With Bosnia and Herzegovina population data that reflects the declining percentage of young individuals and an increasing percentage of elderly persons, the country's population is aging. Because there will be fewer working-age individuals to fund the increasing number of pensioners, this demographic transition in Bosnia and Herzegovina life expectancy has important ramifications for the nation's economy and social welfare system. The country has a potential to improve its demographics through new policies that support growing families, inspire young people to build their futures within the nation, and welcome immigrants to contribute to their community, eventually raising Bosnia and Herzegovina health statistics. Gradually, all of the measures taken could reshape the entire Bosnia and Herzegovina demographics overview.

Bosnia and Herzegovina interesting facts

Travelers find Bosnia and Herzegovina to be an intriguing destination because of its fascinating history and culture. The population of Bosnia and Herzegovina is diversified, consisting of Bosniaks, Croats, and Serbs, which is an intriguing feature about the country. The tapestry of traditions here and local customs is a result of this distinctive conjunction of ethnic groups.

The breathtaking scenery of Bosnia and Herzegovina is another interesting feature. The country is a haven for nature lovers, with its verdant woods, stunning mountains, and glistening rivers. Bosnia and Herzegovina is also renowned for its mouthwatering food, which combines flavors from Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean.

In conclusion, tourists may appreciate a multitude of experiences in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Bosnia and Herzegovina offers something for everyone, whether you want to visit its ancient landmarks, take in its breathtaking scenery, or try some of its regional cuisine.

European Programme of Work (EPW)
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Pillar 2: Protecting against health emergencies