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Data set notes

European Health for All database

Indicators: 565

Updated: 18 October 2024

Contact: Data and Digital Health Unit (DDH)

The following abbreviations are used in the indicator titles:

• SDR: age-standardized death rates (see HFA-DB user manual/Technical notes, page 13, for details)

• FTE: full-time equivalent

• PP: physical persons

• PPP$: purchasing power parities expressed in US $, an internationally comparable scale reflecting the relative domestic purchasing powers of currencies.

More information: http://www.euro.who.int/en/data-and-evidence/databases/european-health-for-all-database-hfa-db

Indicator notes

Life expectancy at age 45 (years), males
Indicator code: E060203.M This indicator shares the definition with the parent indicator \"Life expectancy at birth (years)\".

Calculated by WHO/EURO for all countries which report detailed mortality data to WHO, using Wiesler's method. Age disaggregation of mortality data: 0, 1-4, 5-9,10-14, etc, 80-84, 85+.

Unfortunately, some countries are not able to ensure complete registration of all death cases and births. Therefore, life expectancy calculated using incomplete mortality data is higher than it actualy is. In some cases under-registration of deaths may reach 20% and this has to be kept in mind when making comparisons between countries. Particularly high levels of mortality under-registration are observed in countries which were affected by armed conflicts during 1990's, e.g. Georgia, Albania, Tajikistan and some other countries of former USSR and ex-Yugoslavia . In case of Georgia this problem is further aggravated by missing sufficiently accurate population estimates used as denominator._

Country/Area notes

Albania

Life expectancy is much higher than in reality due to the under-registration of death cases.
The sharp increase in 2001 is caused by the sharp change in population age structure based on the
2001 population census.

Armenia

January 2003: The 2002 population is based on the population census and is significantly lower than
estimates for previous years. This also effects the calculation of all rates and other indicators,
like life expectancy which show sharp changes between 2001 and 2002, purely because of the change in
the denominator. Indicators prior to 2002 will be recalculated if the retroactvely adjusted
population figures are received from the Central Statistical Office of Armenia.

Georgia

Data from 1995 onwards are estimates of the State Statisitcs Department made to adjust for
under-registration of deaths. They may be inconsistent with some other mortality-related indicators
which have been calculated using reported data on registered deaths.

Türkiye

Source: TURKSTAT (Turkish Statistical Institute).
Data are based on mid-year estimations of national population projections and indirect estimations.

General notes

What is Life Expectancy at Age 45 (Years), Males?

Life expectancy at age 45 for males refers to the average number of years a male aged 45 is expected to live, given current mortality rates remain constant. This demographic indicator helps to understand better the health and longevity of the male population in a specific region or country. It is a crucial metric for policymakers and health professionals as it provides insights into the effects of healthcare policies and economic conditions on male longevity. Analyzing this data can help in designing targeted health interventions and in planning for future healthcare needs.

How to Calculate Life Expectancy at Age 45 (Years), Males?

The calculation of life expectancy at age 45 for males involves a detailed analysis of age-specific death rates. Actuaries or demographers use life tables, which represent mortality data by age, to estimate the probability of surviving any given year of age. Specifically, life expectancy at age 45 is calculated by summing the probabilities of surviving each subsequent year and then averaging these sums over the population. This method provides a snapshot of expected life span based on current mortality trends, assuming that the age-specific mortality rates do not change in the future.

Importance of Life Expectancy at Age 45 (Years), Males

Understanding life expectancy at age 45 for males is vital for several reasons. Firstly, it offers an insight into the health status of the middle-aged male population, a demographic often at risk for chronic diseases such as cardiovascular conditions and diabetes. Secondly, this metric is essential for financial planning, influencing decisions related to retirement planning and pension allocations. Governments and financial institutions rely on these statistics to forecast economic needs and to structure social security systems effectively. Additionally, it helps in assessing the impact of public health policies and interventions aimed at improving the health and well-being of the aging male population.

Strengths and Limitations of Life Expectancy at Age 45 (Years), Males

While life expectancy at age 45 for males is a valuable demographic measure, it comes with its strengths and limitations.

Strengths

This indicator provides a reliable benchmark for comparing the health outcomes of males across different geographical and temporal contexts. It is instrumental in longitudinal studies that track health trends over time, offering insights into the effectiveness of health policies and interventions. Additionally, life expectancy figures are crucial for economic planning, helping governments and businesses to plan for future workforce needs and pension requirements.

Limitations

However, the calculation of life expectancy at age 45 for males also faces several challenges. The accuracy of this measure heavily depends on the quality of mortality data, which can vary significantly between regions and over time. Inaccuracies in death registration, misclassification of causes of death, and incomplete demographic data can lead to misleading conclusions. Moreover, life expectancy does not account for the quality of life or the distribution of health states within the population. It merely provides the average expected lifespan, without distinguishing between years spent in good or poor health.

Furthermore, life expectancy figures can be influenced by temporary epidemiological phenomena, such as pandemics or significant health interventions, which might not reflect long-term trends. This can lead to fluctuations in the data that do not necessarily correspond to permanent changes in population health.

In conclusion, while life expectancy at age 45 for males is a critical health indicator, it must be interpreted with an understanding of its underlying data and methodological nuances. It remains an essential tool in the arsenal of public health officials, policymakers, and researchers dedicated to improving male health outcomes and planning for the future needs of aging populations.